Rosh Internal Medicine Boost Practice Exam

What medication would likely be prescribed for a woman with worsening dry mouth due to Sjӧgren syndrome?

1. Cevimeline

2. Cyclosporine drops

3. Low-dose prednisone

4. Sulfasalazine

The correct answer is: Cevimeline

Cevimeline is a medication specifically designed to stimulate salivary gland function, making it particularly effective for individuals experiencing dry mouth as a result of Sjögren syndrome. This condition is characterized by an autoimmune response that often leads to decreased saliva production and consequently, dry mouth. Cevimeline, being a muscarinic agonist, acts by targeting the cholinergic receptors in the salivary glands, promoting saliva secretion and providing symptomatic relief. In the context of Sjögren syndrome, managing dry mouth is crucial to maintaining the quality of life for the patient. While other options like cyclosporine drops may have a role in treating ocular symptoms (dry eyes) associated with Sjögren syndrome, they do not directly address the salivary gland dysfunction. Prednisone, a corticosteroid, is used to reduce inflammation but does not specifically target dry mouth symptoms. Sulfasalazine is an anti-inflammatory medication commonly used for rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease, which would not be appropriate for addressing the specific issue of xerostomia linked with Sjögren syndrome. Thus, Cevimeline is the preferred medication for alleviating dry mouth in affected individuals.